CD4 and squamous cell intraepithelial neoplasia: Women living with HIV infection (OR: 6.1; 95% CI: 2.1–18.7), were not on antiretroviral drugs (OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.1–6.6) had a CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm3 (OR: 4.0; 95% CI: 12.6) and HIV viral load more than 1000 copies/ml (OR: 2.8; 95% CI: 1.1–6.8) were found to be at increased risk of HSIL, similar to the pattern observed for SIL.