Hyperphosphorylated tau protein (pTau) is a principal component of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which are a hallmark of tauopathies, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD; Grundke-Iqbal et al., 1986; Wolozin et al., 1986; Iqbal et al., 1989). The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is frontotemporal dementia.