Activation of miR-17-92 cluster is known as a marker for poor prognosis and poor survival of NB. miR-17-92 affect multiple cancer pathways including DKK3, CDKN1A, BIM, ER-α, MEF2D Its activation increases proliferation, decreases apoptosis and inhibits TGF-β signaling. Aggressive NB evade the cytostatic TGFβ-pathway through miR-17-92 directed targeting of the pathway. Reactivation of TGFβ-signaling through miR-17-92 inhibition could be a promising therapeutic approach for NB. This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and cancer.