Overall, although Asp299Gly polymorphism of the TLR4 gene is a well-recognised genetic risk factor in some age-related diseases [9], only few data have been reported for T2DM complications, such as neuropathy, retinopathy, ischemic heart disease, and coronary artery disease [22–27], and no data were reported on chronic kidney and other T2DM-related cardiovascular diseases, such as carotid arterial and cerebrovascular diseases and lower limb arteriopathy in Caucasian populations. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.