These results corroborate those of earlier studies that indicate low expression of BDNF mRNA in the DLPFC of individuals with schizophrenia to include identification of reductions in a 4th cohort.10, 11, 12,14 Further, our studies show that reductions in cortical BDNF are not restricted to the DLPFC nor to just schizophrenia but extend to additional cortical areas and additional groups of patients with major mental illness. This evidence concerns the gene BDNF and psychiatric disorder.