NOS3 and endothelial dysfunction: PPARα activation attenuates or inhibits several mediators of vascular injury, including lipotoxicity, inflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, endothelial dysfunction, angiogenesis and thrombosis in type 2 diabetes and high fat diet-induced renal damage [9]–[11], which are all associated with AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) [12], [13].