VDR and autoimmune disease: Interestingly 1,25(OH)2D3 increase development of Th2 cells via a direct effect on naive CD4+ cells49 and to induce regulatory T cells.50 Consequently, VDR agonists appear to primarily inhibit pro inflammatory, pathogenic T cells such as Th1 and Th17 cells, and to favor development of Th2 or T regulatory cells.51 The anti-inflammatory, immune regulatory and pro-tolerogenic properties of VDR agonists indicate their important role in the physiological regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses and suggest their development as potential therapies for autoimmune disorders.51, 52