Similar increases in inflammatory marker expression have been reported after DEHP and MEHP treatment in different monocyte/macrophage models, such as the macrophage RAW264.7 cell line,37 human acute monocytic leukemia THP-1 cell line38 and rat alveolar macrophages.39 Moreover, MEHP increases IL-5 and IL-10 levels in cultures of local lymph node cells, suggesting that phthalates activate the adaptive immune system.40 Taken together, these data suggest that in utero DEHP exposure induces an inflammatory state in the adult adipose tissue of male offspring. Here, IL5 is linked to acute monocytic leukemia.