BGT1 protein was reported in brain endothelium (Takanaga et al., 2001), in astrocyte and astrocytoma cultures, under hyperosmotic conditions in particular (Ruiz-Tachiquin et al., 2002; Olsen et al., 2005), in pyramidal neurons (but not astrocytes) in untreated rats (Zhu and Ong, 2004a), in astrocytes in kainate injected rats (Zhu and Ong, 2004a) and in Macaca fascicularis monkeys (Zhu and Ong, 2004b). This evidence concerns the gene SLC6A12 and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).