It has been demonstrated that Aβ accumulation induces BACE1 elevation in neurons (most likely, swollen dystrophic neurites) surrounding plaques, which in turn further accelerates Aβ generation in 5XFAD mouse and human AD brains (Zhao et al., 2007; Zhang et al., 2009; Devi and Ohno, 2013a; Kandalepas et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene BACE1 and Alzheimer disease.