On the other hand, in normal human PBMCs, TLR1/2 activation increased surface expression of α4 and β7 integrins in T cells, B cells and monocytes (unpublished observation), which rather supports a common mechanism by TLR1/2 activation for α4 modulation, but also indicates a specific mechanism (possibly unique to MM cells) for β7 modulation. Here, TLR1 is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.