Both alternatively activated macrophages and hemophagocytic macrophages express an M2 phenotype that renders them more permissive for intracellular replication of S. Typhimurium [41], [42], [51], suggesting that in the setting of malaria, IL-10 induced by parasite infection could contribute to a shift in macrophage activation state, thereby providing a more favorable environment for S. Typhimurium infection. The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is parasitic infectious disease.