ESR1 and age-related macular degeneration: Females may have a higher risk of AMD and the significant decrease in early AMD with increasing years from menarche to menopause supports the concept that a shorter duration of oestrogen production may increase the risk of AMD [33], and expression of estrogen receptors in surgical excised CNV in highly myopic eyes, suggesting that estrogen has important functions in the formation of myopic CNV [34].