CASR and lung carcinoma: In previous studies that reported MIR31 to be an oncomir, MIR31 was found to regulate RAS p21 GTPase Activating Protein 1 (RASA1) [22] and RhoBTB1 [36] in colorectal cancer, LATS2 and PP2A regulatory subunit B alpha isoform (PPP2R2A) [24] in lung cancer and factor-inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor (FIH) [26] in head and neck carcinomas.