MTOR and neoplasm: Valproic acid acted on aH3, aH4 and pRaptor in a positive (tumour-suppressive) fashion, on pIGFr, pRictor and pAkt in a negative (tumour-promoting) fashion, whereas blocking the IGF-driven mTOR pathway induced tumour-suppressive effects on pIGFr, pRictor, and pAkt, but induced tumour-promoting action on aH3 and aH4.