In fact, SUMOylation induces critical changes on AD-associated proteins like microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT), amyloid β precursor protein (AβPP) (Georgopoulou et al., 2001; Marcus and Schachter, 2011), c-Jun terminal kinase (JNK) (Feligioni et al., 2011; Sclip et al., 2013) and AMPA receptors (Jaafari et al., 2013), that play an important role in neuronal physiology (Pittaluga et al., 2005, 2006; Holman et al., 2007), therefore providing novel targets for therapeutic intervention. This evidence concerns the gene APP and Alzheimer disease.