INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In this study, we compared the development of PNS and CNS neuropathy in two strains of mice with type 1 insulin-deficient or type 2/obesity insulin-resistant diabetes or pre-diabetes and found that, independent of glucose level and in addition to the insulin signaling impairment, lipid and adiponectin profiles can determine the phenotype of the neuropathy.