In addition to this predominant specific uptake, to a lesser part amino acid tracer uptake also results from non-specific uptake due to various pharmacokinetic processes associated with a raised BBB permeability (e.g. VEGF-mediated, reactive astrocytosis [47], radiation induced necrosis [48]), variable tumor blood volume and perfusion (“blood pooling effect” [46]). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and neoplasm.