PECAM1 and adenomyosis: To confirm increased angiogenesis in adenomyotic tissues, we used IHC to examine the expression of VEGF and to determine the MVD by staining for an endothelial cell marker, CD31, in the samples from the previous patient population, which included 100 adenomyosis patients as well as 30 control cases who did not have adenomyosis but exhibited benign gynaecological diseases and were treated with a total hysterectomy.