SOCS1 and plasma cell myeloma: Aberrant methylation of SOCS1 CpG islands has been reported in lymph node metastasis, advanced human gastric carcinoma [244, 296], oesophageal carcinoma [237], hepatocellular carcinoma [297], myeloma [298, 299], pancreatic carcinoma [300], cervical carcinoma [236], and breast carcinoma [243] where SOCS1 silencing in tumour cells is believed to enhance IL-6-mediated cell proliferation.