APP and dementia: Links between TBI and dementia are being increasingly made (Fakhran et al., 2013), with proteins implicated in dementias (e.g., amyloid-beta, amyloid precursor protein, tau), for example, found to accumulate in damaged axons and other neuronal compartments in the chronic stages of TBI (Bramlett et al., 1997b; Smith et al., 2003; Uryu et al., 2007; Johnson et al., 2012; Bennett et al., 2013).