To meet this need, additional investigations are required to decipher the full spectrum of STAT3 target genes in the context of different cellular environment and various types of human cancers, gain mechanistic insights into how STAT3 is regulated, deepen our understanding of the existing and novel signaling pathways that crosstalk with STAT3, and to identify novel cellular processes that can be regulated by STAT3 but may have been overlooked. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and cancer.