KRAS and colorectal carcinoma: We next applied the signature to an independent GEMM CRC sample set consisting of acute activation of shared alleles, including Apc, Tp53 and Kras. Consistent with the findings in our discovery cohort, our GEMM allelic signatures scored highest in GEMMs derived from an independent cohort that contained the corresponding mutant allele (supplementary material Fig. S1A–C), further validating their predictive utility.