Thus, 8 of the 14 anti-MDA5-positive patients presented RP-ILD versus 3 of the 103 anti-MDA5-negative patients (P < 0.05; OR: 44.4, 95% CI 9.3–212; AUC 0.84, 95% CI 0.68–1). Here, IFIH1 is linked to interstitial lung disease.