First, the evidence that the CNE is implicated in two temporally distinct processes arises from the observation of Krappa and co-workers [56] that, although the AcMNPV DSr and DSl bind proteins of cellular origin at an early stage of infection, the DSc-protein complex may be detected at 40 h p.i. (the protein partners of DSc are expected to be of viral origin because the cessation of host protein synthesis occurs at this time [75]). The gene discussed is DSC3; the disease is infection.