TLR3 and acute kidney injury: As the gold standard, serum creatinine, displays poor specificity and sensitivity with regard to this early period of acute kidney injury [25], [26], [27] and taking into account that TLR-3 mediated signaling initiates already within the first hours after IR, we also explored NGAL a novel very early diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of AKI [25], [26], [27], [29].