Cardiac hypertrophy and type 2 diabetes were observed in Hmga1-null (A1-KO) and heterozygous mice suggesting that an appropriate amount of HMGA1 protein is required for cardiomyocytic cell growth and regulation of the insulin pathway (Foti et al., 2005; Fedele et al., 2006a). The gene discussed is HMGA1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.