CD4 and alkaline phosphatase measurement: As observed in several studies,(36,38–40) HIV-positive patients that develop AP, in addition to exposure to the HAART regimen drugs, have in common advanced age, non-white race (risk 39 to 54% higher for non-whites compared to Caucasians), long duration of seropositivity, CD4 <200 cells/mm3, AIDS diagnosis, high viral load, previous history of AP, hepatobiliary diseases, opportunistic infection prophylaxis, alcohol abuse, in addition to, most of the time, women with a low body mass index (BMI) (more sensitive to toxic effects).