INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Individuals with a lower rate of insulin-stimulated carbohydrate oxidation (n = 150; carbohydrate oxidation rate 1.35 ± 0.23 mg [kg EMBS]−1 min−1; age 26.4 ± 5.8 years) had a shorter period to type 2 diabetes onset, hence a higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes as compared with those with a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation (n = 137; carbohydrate oxidation rate 1.94 ± 0.26 mg [kg EMBS]−1 min−1; age 26.5 ± 6.3 years) (HRR 2.2, 95% CI 1.3, 3.6, p = 0.002, adjusted for age, sex, percentage body fat, AIR and non-oxidative glucose disposal rate).