NPPA and myocardial infarction: In this study we aimed to confirm these preliminary observations by evaluating a number of potential biomarkers and proinflammatory cytokines as well as atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), the potent vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 (ET-1), and the vascular active marker nitric oxide (NO), which limits vascular inflammation and plays an important role in cardiac remodeling and wound repair after MI [21–24].