Carriers of the ADH1B rs1042026 AG or AA genotype showed significantly and consistently increased risk to develop ESCC compared with GG carriers (OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.12–1.91, P = 0.005; OR = 4.53, 95% CI = 2.65–7.72, P<0.001) (Table 3). Here, ADH1B is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.