Taken together, our results indicate that, in DU145 prostate cancer cells, GnRH agonists increase the expression of the proapoptotic protein Bax, in a p53-dependent manner; by increasing the ratio pro-to-antiapoptotic proteins, GnRH agonists sensitize, and more importantly resensitize, castration-resistant prostate cancer cells to the cytotoxic/proapoptotic activity of docetaxel. This evidence concerns the gene PROS1 and prostate cancer.