TGFB1 and posterior cortical atrophy: For example, activation of the canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling cascade in PCa stromal cells by fibroblast growth factor (FGF) activates STAT3 and promotes PCa tumor progression in vivo [97] and loss of TGFβ mediated suppression of Wnt3a via STAT3 in stromal cells promotes LNCaP cell proliferation and tumorogenesis in vitro and in vivo [98].