Previous studies have reported activation of PKCβ2, PKCδ, and PKCɛ in cardiac ischemia or I/R,8, 19, 20 activation of PKCβ2 associated with the response to single-lung I/R,9 and activation of PKCδ and PKCɛ related to cerebral I/R.21 Our results demonstrated that the activated principal isoform of PKC in intestinal I/R was specifically PKCβ2, not PKCβ1, PKCδ, or PKCɛ (Figures 1a and b). Here, PRKCD is linked to myocardial ischemia.