In the present study, we used the ongoing prospective Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (YFS) follow-up (2001 and 2007) and Tampere Vascular Study (TVS) materials21, 22, 23 in order to investigate the effects of USF1 gene allelic variants on serum indices of lipoprotein metabolism, early markers of asymptomatic atherosclerosis and their changes during six years follow-up separately in men and women. This evidence concerns the gene USF1 and atherosclerosis.