Using a rodent model of cecal ligation puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis, Peng et al. [25] found that extracorporeal blood purification (EBP) attenuated late peaks of inflammatory mediators (for example, high-mobility group box-1 protein), improved organ (liver and renal) function, and improved long-term survival. The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is Sepsis.