Infection of melanoma cells with a HSV type 2 mutant (ΔPK) containing a deletion of the ICP10 gene (encoding a viral protein kinase) reduced the melanoma tumor burden via activation of a number of functionally distinct proteases (caspase-3, caspase-7, and calpain) and also via upregulation of the proapoptotic protein H11/HspB8, as well as Beclin-1 [31], a critical autophagy protein that has been shown to be a potent suppressor of human brain tumours and melanomas [32, 33]. The gene discussed is CASP7; the disease is melanoma.