INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: In this context it should be mentioned here that it was not estradiol, the most potent estrogenic hormone, but estriol, an abundant estrogen but less potent than estradiol as an estrogenic hormone in the females, itself was more efficacious in the control of hyperglycemia through hepatic insulin synthesis in the alloxan induced T1DM mice, and progesterone, however, was found to be the most potent antidiabetic agent in these diabetic mice in the above context.