The IAP family contains eight mammalian members: neuronal apoptosis inhibitory protein (NAIP, also named BIRC1), cellular IAP1 (cIAP1 or BIRC2), cellular IAP2 (cIAP2 or BIRC3), X chromosome-linked IAP (XIAP or BIRC4), survivin (also named BIRC5), BIR repeat-containing ubiquitin-conjugating (Bruce)/Apollon (or BIRC6), melanoma IAP (ML-IAP or BIRC7), and IAP-like protein 2 (ILP2 or BIRC8) [1,2]. This evidence concerns the gene XIAP and melanoma.