Several tumor suppressor proteins, including the BH3-only proteins; DAPK1 (death-associated protein kinase-1); PTEN, a phosphatase that antagonizes PI3K; TSC1 and TSC2 (tuberous sclerosis complex 1 and 2); and LKB1/STK11 induce autophagy, while their loss is associated with reduced autophagy and correlates with cancer development [48,63]. Here, STK11 is linked to cancer.