In response to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) several clinical studies have demonstrated up-regulation of SDF-1α in infarct and peri-infarct zones, returning to baseline at 7 days (Pillarisetti and Gupta, 2001, Askari and Penn, 2003, Abbott et al., 2004, Hu et al., 2007), and in the serum of patients suffering AMI (Yamani et al., 2005, Leone et al., 2006). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL12 and acute myocardial infarction.