In this study, we quantified the serum CXCL10 levels in HFRS patients of different severities and in different disease stages, analyzed the relationship between CXCL10 and the disease severity-indicating parameters in vivo, and explored the underlying regulation mechanisms of CXCL10's expression in vitro during HTNV infection. The gene discussed is CXCL10; the disease is hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.