One of these genes encodesthe estrogen receptor, a nuclear factor involvedin the pathogenesis of several diseases such aslung cancer, bladder cancer, osteoporosis aswell as its critical role in sexual developmentand reproductive organization (106, 159-161).Certainly, screening a group of the genes involved in creating POF becomes easier in thefuture. The gene discussed is ESR1; the disease is urinary bladder carcinoma.