Accordingly, Alzawa and coworkers measured CCL2/MCP-1 concentrations in the first morning urine samples obtained at the time of renal biopsy in 26 consecutive children with various types of glomerulonephritis, including lupus nephritis, IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, acute GN, and thin basement membrane disease (served as a noninflammatory control) [47]. Here, CCL2 is linked to lupus nephritis.