TNF and glioma: However, while C-CM induced a specific M2b-type polarization of microglia, characterized mainly by a significant up-regulation of IL-10 and TGFβ gene expression; LI-CM harvested from pre-stimulated (LPS–IFNγ) glioma cells led to a mixed phenotype, M1 and M2a/M2b, as indicated by the concurrent up-regulation of iNOS, TNFα, IL-1β, TGFβ, ARG, IL-10 and the M1/M2 polarization marker, CD86.