Aminoguanidine, another carbonyl scavenger and an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), was able to reduce carbonyl stress in diabetes, preserving neurological scores [184, 185], preventing the decrease in cortical necrotic neuron counts [186], and reducing infarct volume [185] in animal models of TBI. The gene discussed is NOS2; the disease is diabetes mellitus.