Stromal BPH cells are able to secrete IL-8, CXCL-10, and IL-6 not only in response to specific proinflammatory stimuli (i.e., TNFα or the TLR 4 agonist lipopolysaccharide), but also to metabolic insults and, in particular, to oxidized LDL and insulin. Here, INS is linked to benign prostatic hyperplasia.