IDE and Cognitive impairment: A compound named butyrolactone, a product for γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), also known as 4-hydroxybutanoic acid, a naturally occurring substance found in the CNS, as well as in wine, beef, and citrus fruits, increases the levels of the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), suppresses autophagy via the mTOR pathway, lowers Aβ levels and prevents AD-like cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice [71].