LCN2 and chronic kidney disease: NGAL was shown to be increased in serum and/or urine of patients suffering from different kidney diseases, for example in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN), various glomerulonephritis, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), pediatric lupus nephritis and CKD from a range of etiologies, and to differentiate between CKD stages[19,42].