By using a conditional gain-of-function mouse model that expresses a constitutive allele of IKKβ in forebrain neurons, Maqbool and colleagues [92] demonstrated that persistent chronic IKKβ/NF-κB activation induces selective inflammatory response in the DG, associated with decreased neuronal survival and severe cognitive impairment. The gene discussed is IKBKB; the disease is Cognitive impairment.